Waterfalls
are commonly formed in the upper course of a river in
steep mountains. Because of their landscape position, many waterfalls occur
over bedrock fed by little contributing area, so they are ephemeral and only
occur during rainstorms.
The further downstream, the more perennial a waterfall
can be. It is even possible for waterfalls to occur far downstream due to
transient discontinuities in a river's longitudinal profile caused by climatic
changes and anthropogenic activities.
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